Municipal drinking-water coagulation programme
Programme outline, dosing range, feed points, target parameters, and lead times for the AAS drinking-water coagulation programme into the municipal segment in Pakistan. Sole Pakistan agent for Shaanxi Ande Technology (China) and Innovative Water Technology (Pakistan). Karachi office, same-business-day technical response.
Same-day Karachi visit · CoA per drum · Engineering autopsy on request
AAS supplies ANSI/NSF 60-grade PAC for Pakistani municipal-water customers on request. Certification document shared at sample stage.
Dosing programme outline
Programme outline below is the AAS default for municipal applications. Final dose is set against the customer's source-water analysis, equipment metallurgy, and operating cycles. Every drum ships with a Certificate of Analysis; SDS is shipped pre-shipment for HSE-document review.
- Active chemistry
- Pre-hydrolysed PAC, Al₂O₃ 10–12% liquid / 30%+ solid
- Certification
- ANSI/NSF 60 grade available on request
- Feed point
- Rapid-mix basin ahead of flocculation
- Typical dose
- 5–25 ppm as PAC liquid (10% Al₂O₃)
- Operating pH
- 6.0–8.5 (wider than alum)
- Target turbidity out
- ≤ 1 NTU post-filtration (WHO guideline)
- Target residual Al
- ≤ 0.2 mg/L
- DOC / NOM removal
- 30–60% on enhanced coagulation
- Lead time
- Ex-Karachi stock; ANSI/NSF 60 grade on request
Why municipal water utilities are switching from alum to PAC
The two failure modes of alum in Pakistani municipal practice: narrow pH window (6.5–7.5 effective) and residual Al in treated water that hits WHO's 0.2 mg/L aesthetic limit. PAC, being pre-hydrolysed, works across pH 6.0–8.5 with the same active dose; residual Al is 30–50% lower at equivalent turbidity removal; sludge volume is 20–30% smaller. For utilities on Indus / Kabul / Sutlej-derived raw water — where seasonal turbidity swings drive dose by 5×– the operating-pH range alone justifies the switch.
Read deeper into the programme.
Request a technical proposal for drinking-water coagulation programme.
Send the unit you're trying to protect (site, loop or train, symptom or KPI, volume, deadline) plus a source-water analysis if you have one. Same-business-day Karachi reply with a programme outline, dose range, and the relevant CoAs / SDS attached.
Karachi office · Sole Pakistan agent · Shaanxi Ande & Innovative Water